Chemistry, Physics and Technology of Surface

ISSN 2518-1238 (Online), ISSN 2079-1704 (Print)

The results of the study on the strength and structural characteristics of matrices of various nature are presented, namely: cement paste, sand-cement mixture, hydroxyapatite (GAP), lamellar samples of fiberglass on an epoxy binder (resin of the brand LR 285, polymerization catalyst LH 286), fluoroplastic (PTFE), dependent on the content of the reinforcing component - multilayer carbon nanotubes (CNT), and PTFE, filled with aerosil (A300). For reinforcement of matrices, multilayer CNTs, synthesized by the method of catalytic CVD synthesis using three-component oxide iron-containing catalysts, were used. Mechanical tests of tensile and flexure composites were performed on a 2167 P 50 burst machine with a continuous automatic recording of the "load-deformation" diagram on a PC. The analysis of the sizes of CNT agglomerates was carried out using photon correlation spectroscopy (FCS). The particle size distribution function was determined on a ZetaSizer-3 (Malvern Instruments, UK) spectrometer with a correlator 7032 and a 25 MW (length wavelength λ = 633 nm) helium-neon laser LH-111. The dimensions of the coherent scattering regions were determined by the method of X-ray diffraction (DRON-3M,     λ_Со = 0.179 nm).

The dependences of the strong characteristics of the systems filled with CNT: the cement paste, the sand-cement mixture, the layered samples of fiberglass on the epoxy binder, the hydroxyapatite (GAP), the PTFE, and the PTFE filled with A300 on the size of the structural regions formed by nanoscale filler. For "liquid" systems (cement paste, cement-sand mixture, epoxy resin), these are agglomerates of CNT, the sizes of which are nonlinearly dependent on the concentration of CNT. For "solid": GAP - is porosity, PTFE - the size of the regions of coherent scattering of    X-rays.

It is shown that for low concentrations of nanosized fillers, the strength characteristics of composite materials are linearly increased from the resizing of the structural regions of nanosized fillers. The experimental dependences obtained are confirmed by theoretical calculations [40] on the determining role of nanosized regions of matrices, which are formed in interaction with nanosized filler, that is, the response of the matrix is proportional to the surface area of the interphase boundary.

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