Chemistry, Physics and Technology of Surface

ISSN 2518-1238 (Online), ISSN 2079-1704 (Print)

These studies are aimed on the development of bioactive complex glass-ceramic calcium-phosphate-silicate materials, which are characterized by a reduced fusion with bone tissue in vivo. The aim of this work is to determine the effect of the level of resorption of complex calcium-phosphate-silicate materials and free surface energy on the nature of their binding to albumin in vitro.

The calcium ion yield from the material after exposure to distilled water, after one, five, and 15 days, and after exposure in 10 % -albumin solution, after 5 days, was carried out by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using an Agilent AA 240FS device.The surface microrelief was evaluated by the average mean of the profile (R_a) and determined using a Surtronic 3+ profilometer. The value of the free energy of the surface for complex materials was determined after exposure to albumin by the Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble method. Histological examinations were performed using an Olympus BX63 light microscope. The structure of cells and intercellular fluid was recorded using a digital camera DP73 (Olympus) and software “Cell Sens Dimention 1.8.1”. Samples of the femur of rats, 30 days after implant implantation, which was made of the developed glass-ceramic material, were stained with Weigertpicro-fuchsin and eosin, Van Giesonpicro-fuchsin.

To obtain the initial model glasses, the R₂О–CaF₂–RO–RO₂–R₂O₃–R₂O₅–MoO₃–SiO₂system was selected as the basis of glass-ceramic materials, and 5 compositions were synthesized at the temperature of 1250÷1350 °С. To obtain combined glass-ceramic materials, model glass powders were used with addition of 5 wt. % (per 100 wt. % model glass) yttrium stabilized zirconia (DTS 1). The powders were pressed using carboxymethyl cellulose as a binder and fired at 750÷800 °C for 15 minutes. The samples obtained were characterized by the presence of hydroxyapatite crystals in an amount of 50÷60 vol. %.

The solubility of the developed materials in water is determined by the properties of the glass-phase (the degree of silicon-oxygen skeleton bonding) and the hydroxyapatite content has been found. The process of binding calcium to albumin (the mass fraction of bound calcium in a solution of 15.67 mg/dm³) for the developed materials is determined by the characteristics of the surface of the materials (FSE = 74.6 mJ/m², R_a = 3.4 mcm), the features of their structure (f_Si = 0.28, the number of HA crystals = 60 vol. %, with a crystal size of 1.0 μm) and the nature of dissolution. An in vivo study of the samples confirmed the possibility of creating biocompatible materials with a reduced splicing time with bone tissue.

As a result of an experimental study using histological methods, it has been determined that the ASZ-5 material is biocompatible, characterized by osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties.

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