Написати автору Міжфазна та температурна поведінка води та розчинів, що зв’язані у порошку водорозчинного лігніну
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/hftp15.03.313
Анотація
Перетворення лігнінів різного походження на цінні продукти є важливим з практичної точки зору. Одним із відповідних шляхів є отримання водорозчинних лігнінів, для яких взаємодія з водою та водними розчинами відіграє важливу роль в ефективності практичного застосування цих матеріалів. Можна припустити, що взаємодія лігнінів з водою та розчинами сильно залежить від дисперсійних середовищ і присутності різноманітних (наприклад, полярних та іоногенеруючих) розчинених речовин у воді. Міжфазну та температурну поведінку води (розчинів), зв’язаної з частинками лігніну у зволожених порошках, можна ефективно досліджувати за допомогою низькотемпературної 1H ЯМР-спектроскопії статичних зразків, що дозволяє розділити рухливі та нерухомі фази в залежності від температури нижче точки замерзання (Tf) рідини. При T < Tf у вологих зразках порошку можна спостерігати кілька ефектів, таких як ефекти обмеженого простору (CSE) у порах або порожнечах між або всередині макромолекул, кріоскопічні ефекти (CE) у розчинах, часткове заморожування рідин, кріоконцентрація та диференціація розчинів, кластеризація зв’язаних рідин тощо. Щоб з’ясувати деякі з цих ефектів, змочений лігнін (водорозчинний) при постійному ступені гідратації (h = 0.3 г/г) досліджували на повітрі та хлороформі-d окремо та в суміші з дейтерованою трифтороцтовою кислотою з використанням методу 1H ЯМР, застосованого до статичних зразків. Крім того, методами квантової хімії досліджували гідратовані молекули лігніну. Отримані результати показують, що як CSE, так і CE впливають на температурну поведінку зв’язаної води та пов’язаних розчинів. Однак їхній синергетичний ефект відсутній, тому що чим міцніше зв’язана вода (розчин), тим нижча активність води як розчинника; тобто, CSE може частково пригнічувати CE. Отримані результати становлять інтерес з практичної точки зору для застосування водорозчинних лігнінів.
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